Compared to types of steel, stainless steel products are the densest. For example, titanium is about half as dense as steel, and aluminum is about one-third as dense. Let’s look at two of the most common grades of stainless steel: 304 and 316. The ss 304 density is 7,930 kg/m³. This is slightly less dense than 316 stainless steel but a bit denser than 430 stainless steel, which has a density of 7,750 kg/m³.
Stainless steel density, which measures mass per unit volume, typically ranges from 7,600 kg/m³ to 8,000 kg/m³. This material is made up of at least 10.5% chromium and can also include carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, and copper. These elements give stainless steel its high strength and excellent resistance to corrosion. The different chemical compositions and amounts of these elements cause the variations in density among different grades of stainless steel.
304 and 316 stainless steels are the most commonly used grades, but they have different densities. Therefore, when calculating the weight of stainless steel, it’s essential to consider the specific grade.
304 stainless steel, also known as 1.4301 or 18/8 (because it contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel), is the most versatile and widely used type. It’s popular for making sinks and saucepans because it can be easily shaped. 304L is a low-carbon version of 304, often used in thicker components that need better weldability. Some products are available as “dual certified,” meaning they meet both 304 and 304L standards. For high-temperature applications, 304H, a high-carbon variant, is used.
To calculate density, you divide the mass of the object by its volume. The standard unit for density is kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). For example, one cubic meter of 304 stainless steel weighs 7,930 kilograms.
Density of Stainless Steel 304
|
Stainless Steel |
Density (g/cm3) |
Density (kg/dm3) |
Density (kg/m3) |
Density (lb/in3) |
Density (lb/ft3) |
|
304 |
7.93 |
7.93 |
7,930 |
0.286 |
495.05 |
Why is it important to understand the density of steel 304?
Knowing the density of SS 304 is important for several reasons. It helps to calculate the weight of materials, which is crucial when designing structures that need to carry certain loads. The density of 304 steel, which is 7,930 kg/m³, affects its strength and durability, making it important for high-performance applications. Additionally, understanding the density helps in choosing the right material and estimating costs.
Stainless Steel 304 Chemical Compositions
| Element | % Present |
| Carbon (C) | 0.07 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 17.50 – 19.50 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 2.00 |
| Silicon (Si) | 1.00 |
| Phosphorous (P) | 0.045 |
| Sulphur (S) | 0.015b) |
| Nickel (Ni) | 8.00 – 10.50 |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.10 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
Stainless Steel 304 Physical Properties
|
Property |
Value |
|
Density |
8,000 Kg/m3 |
|
Melting Point |
1450 °C |
|
Thermal Expansion |
17.2 x 10-6 /K |
|
Modulus of Elasticity |
193 GPa |
|
Thermal Conductivity |
16.2W/m.K |
|
Electrical Resistivity |
0.072 x 10-6 Ω .m |
Stainless Steel 304 Corrosion Resistance
Stainless steel 304 offers excellent corrosion resistance in many environments and against various corrosive substances. However, it can be prone to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride-rich environments. Additionally, it may undergo stress corrosion cracking when exposed to temperatures above 60°C.
SS 304 Heat Resistance
Stainless steel 304 can handle high heat but not constantly between 425°C and 860°C because it might have problems with carbide formation. For those temperatures, we use 304L, which doesn’t have this issue. If we need really strong steel in hot conditions, like between 500°C and 800°C, we go for 304H. It keeps its strength and resists rust even in tough environments.
304 Stainless Heat Treatment
To increase the hardness of stainless steel 304, heat treatment is not the ideal method. Instead, solution treatment or annealing can be performed. This involves heating the material to a temperature range of 1010-1120°C and then rapidly cooling it. This process helps in enhancing the material’s properties and making it more suitable for specific applications that require increased hardness and strength.
How to Calculate Density of SS304 in kg m3?
Calculating the density of stainless steel is quite straightforward. You’ll need to know two things: the mass of the steel and the volume it occupies. The formula for finding the density of steel is simple:
density of steel = mass of steel/volume of steel
For instance, if you have a piece of stainless steel weighing 15 kilograms and taking up 2 cubic meters of space, you can calculate its density as follows:
Density of steel = 15 kg / 2 m3 = 7.5 kg/m3
Relations of Temperature and Pressure with Density
The density of ss304 can be influenced by temperature and pressure. Generally, as the temperature of 304 stainless steel increases, its density decreases. On the other hand, when pressure is increased, the density of steel 304 tends to increase.
For example, during the annealing process of 304 stainless steel, which typically occurs between 1,100 and 1,150 degrees Celsius, the material’s density may be affected. Additionally, it’s important to check the thermal expansion of SUS 304 material, as changes in temperature can also impact its density.
Conclusion
Stainless steel 304 is a widely used material known for resisting corrosion well. It doesn’t harden with heat but can be treated for specific properties. Knowing its density helps in accurate weight calculations for manufacturing. It’s a reliable choice for everyday items like sinks and tough parts that need good welding. Overall, it’s popular and useful in many industries.
FAQs:
What is the density of 304 steel in kg m3?
The density of steel 304 is approximately 7,930 kg/m³.
What is the weight of 304 stainless steel?
The weight of 304 stainless steel depends on its volume and density. For example, if you have 1 cubic meter of 304 stainless steel with a density of 7,930 kg/m³, its weight would be 7,930 kilograms.
What is the density of steel in kg m3?
The density of steel is approximately 7,800 to 8,050 kg/m³.
