Introduction
The most common pipe schedule is Schedule 40 steel pipe. It can be galvanized but isn’t required, and it’s commonly used in water and gas lines. It can also show up in spots that require decoration or support.
Because of its adaptability and performance strength, it makes an excellent pipe. Let’s talk about what schedule 40 steel pipe is and why it could be the correct choice for many projects now that it’s under so much pressure to perform.
What Is a Pipe Schedule and How Does It Work?
A pipe schedule (SCH) is a measurement of the nominal wall thickness of a steel pipe.
Metal fabricators previously employed three pipe sizes: standard, extra strong, and double extra strong. However, just having these three undefined dimensions wasn’t enough. Steel pipes are now available in 14 distinct schedules.
Schedule 40 is the most widely utilized.
What exactly does the term “schedule 40 pipes” mean?
The dimensionality of the numbers on the pipes is unknown. In other words, SCH 40 does not imply a pipe diameter of 40 millimeters or 40 inches.
The ASME B36.10M standard, which governs seamless and welded steel pipe dimensions, determines the characteristics for each schedule. The numerals that denote each size are determined by ASME B36.10M.
Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Grades
Mild steel is used to make the majority of schedule 40 steel pipe. This indicates that it contains between 0.2 and 0.25 percent carbon. This is extremely low, resulting in a mostly ferrous alloy.
Steelmakers galvanize SCH 40 steel pipe to increase corrosion resistance. Galvanizing implies coating the steel with a layer of zinc. If this isn’t an option, schedule 40 pipe is also available in stainless steel.
Although A53 steel pipe is the most usually associated with SCH 40 steel pipe, this schedule is also available in other grades.
Dimensions of Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Wall thickness and outer diameter are used to determine thickness. A 1/8th-inch nominal size schedule 40 pipe, for example, has an outer diameter of 0.405 inches and a wall thickness of 0.068 inches. It weighs 0.245 pounds per square foot.
The 4-inch schedule 40 steel pipe is a more prevalent pipe. The outside diameter of this pipe is 4.5 inches, with a wall thickness of 0.237 inches and a weight per foot of 10.79 pounds.
When it comes to steel pipe, what size is schedule 40?
This steel pipe is available in a number of sizes. The pipe’s length, nominal diameter, real interior diameter, and actual exterior diameter all fall within acceptable limits.
For example, a 2.5-inch-diameter schedule 40 pipes will have a real internal diameter of 2.469 and an actual outer diameter of 2.875.
We can supply or cut scheduled 40 steel pipes in practically any length.
Schedule 40 Steel Pipe’s Weight
In general, the weight per foot is roughly 1.68 pounds.
What is the maximum weight that a schedule 40 steel pipe can support?
The amount of weight it can support is determined by a number of factors. A normal pipe, made of A53-grade black steel, has a yield strength of 30,000 pounds per square inch.
Given that knowledge…
Let’s say you have a four-foot span with a one-inch pipe. With a one-quarter inch permanent deflection, the center should be able to support 300 pounds. If you add another 50 pounds to that pipe, it will collapse on you.
Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Chemical Composition
The nominal wall thickness of the Schedule 40 pipe is not the same as the grade. As a result, the chemical composition of a pipe schedule is not always consistent.
Schedule 40 pipe, on the other hand, is made of low-carbon steel, often grade A53 steel pipe. The chemical composition of A53 steel varies depending on the type of weld, however as an example, type S seamless weld A53 steel looks like this:
- Carbon – 0.25% (max)
- Manganese – 0.95% (max)
- Phosphorous – 0.05% (max)
- Sulfur – 0.045% (max)
- Copper – 0.4% (max)
- Nickel – 0.4% (max)
- Chromium – 0.4% (max)
- Molybdenum – 0.15% (max)
- Vanadium – 0.08% (max)
The dimensions, wall thickness, and weight of the Schedule 40 Pipe are listed below.
| Nominal sizes | Outside diameter | Pipe Wall thickness | Weight Chart | |||
| inches | OD in inches | OD in mm | inches | mm | lb/ft | kg/m |
| 1/8 | 0.405 | 10.3 | 0.068 | 1.73 | 0.24 | 0.37 |
| 1/4 | 0.540 | 13.7 | 0.088 | 2.24 | 0.42 | 0.84 |
| 1/2 | 0.840 | 21.3 | 0.109 | 2.77 | 0.85 | 1.27 |
| 3/4 | 1.050 | 26.7 | 0.113 | 2.87 | 1.13 | 1.69 |
| 1 | 1.315 | 33.4 | 0.133 | 3.38 | 1.68 | 2.50 |
| 1 1/4 | 1.660 | 42.2 | 0.140 | 3.56 | 2.27 | 3.39 |
| 1 1/2 | 1.900 | 48.3 | 0.145 | 3.68 | 2.72 | 4.05 |
| 2 | 2.375 | 60.3 | 0.154 | 3.91 | 3.65 | 5.44 |
| 2 1/2 | 2.875 | 73.0 | 0.203 | 5.16 | 5.79 | 8.63 |
| 3 | 3.500 | 88.9 | 0.216 | 5.49 | 7.58 | 11.29 |
| 3 1/2 | 4.000 | 101.6 | 0.226 | 5.74 | 9.11 | 13.57 |
| 4 | 4.500 | 114.3 | 0.237 | 6.02 | 10.79 | 16.07 |
| 5 | 5.563 | 141.3 | 0.258 | 6.55 | 14.62 | 21.77 |
| 6 | 6.625 | 168.3 | 0.280 | 7.11 | 18.97 | 28.26 |
| 8 | 8.625 | 219.1 | 0.322 | 8.18 | 28.55 | 42.55 |
| 10 | 10.750 | 273.0 | 0.365 | 9.27 | 40.48 | 60.31 |
| 12 | 12.750 | 323.8 | 0.406 | 10.31 | 53.52 | 79.73 |
| 14 | 14 | 355.6 | 0.375 | 11.13 | 54.57 | 94.55 |
| 16 | 16 | 406.4 | 0.500 | 12.70 | 82.77 | 123.30 |
| 18 | 18 | 457.0 | 0.562 | 14.27 | 104.67 | 155.80 |
| 20 | 20 | 508.0 | 0.594 | 15.09 | 123.11 | 183.42 |
| 24 | 24 | 610.0 | 0.688 | 17.48 | 171.29 | 255.41 |
| 32 | 32 | 813.0 | 0.688 | 17.48 | 230.08 | 342.91 |
A conversion chart below shows the relationship between pipe size, schedules, and wall thicknesses.
| Metric diameter | Inch | Out diameter | Out diameter points to the thickness | ||
| A | B | ASME | STD | SCH40 | SCH80 |
| 8 | 1/4′ | – | – | – | – |
| 10 | 3/8 | – | – | – | – |
| 15 | 1/2″ | 21.3 | 2.77 | 2.77 | 3.73 |
| 20 | 3/4″ | 26.7 | 2.87 | 2.87 | 3.91 |
| 25 | 1″ | 33.4 | 3.38 | 3.38 | 4.55 |
| 32 | 1.1/4″ | 42.2 | 3.56 | 3.56 | 4.85 |
| 40 | 1.1/2″ | 48.3 | 3.68 | 3.68 | 5.08 |
| 50 | 2″ | 60.3 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.54 |
| 65 | 2.1/2″ | 73 | 5.16 | 5.16 | 7.01 |
| 80 | 3″ | 88.9 | 5.49 | 5.49 | 7.62 |
| 90 | 3.1/2″ | 101.6 | 5.74 | 5.74 | 8.08 |
| 100 | 4″ | 114.3 | 6.02 | 6.02 | 8.56 |
| 125 | 5″ | 141.3 | 6.55 | 6.55 | 9.53 |
| 150 | 6″ | 168.3 | 7.11 | 7.11 | 10.97 |
| 200 | 8″ | 219.1 | 8.18 | 8.18 | 12.7 |
| 250 | 10″ | 273 | 9.27 | 9.27 | 15.09 |
| 300 | 12″ | 323.8 | 9.53 | 10.31 | 17.48 |
| 350 | 14″ | 355.5 | 9.53 | 11.13 | 19.05 |
| 400 | 16″ | 406.4 | 9.53 | 12.7 | 21.44 |
| 450 | 18″ | 457.2 | 9.53 | 14.27 | 23.83 |
| 500 | 20″ | 508 | 9.53 | 15.09 | 26.19 |
| 550 | 22″ | 558.8 | 9.53 | – | 28.58 |
| 600 | 24″ | 609.6 | 9.53 | 17.48 | 30.96 |
| 650 | 26″ | 660.4 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 700 | 28″ | 711.2 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 750 | 30″ | 762 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 800 | 32″ | 812.8 | 9.53 | 17.48 | – |
| 850 | 34″ | 863.5 | 9.53 | 17.48 | – |
| 900 | 36″ | 914.4 | 9.53 | 19.05 | – |
| 950 | 38″ | 965.2 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 1000 | 40″ | 1016 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 1050 | 42″ | 1066.8 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 1100 | 44″ | 1117.6 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 1150 | 46″ | 1168.4 | 9.53 | – | – |
| 1200 | 48″ | 1219.2 | 9.53 | – | – |
What is the meaning of NPS (Nominal Pipe Size)?
The NPS size represents the pipe’s approximate inside diameter; if the schedule number on a set size is changed, the inside diameter (ID) but not the outside diameter (OD) is affected (OD). Nominal Pipe Sizing was developed by the American Standard Association to replace the previously employed Iron Pipe Sizing. This North American standard is used for high or low-pressure and temperature pipes.
| NPS | OD | SCH | Wall Thickness | ID |
| 1.000” | 1.315” | SCH 40 | 0.133” | 1.049” (approx.) |
| 1.000” | 1.315” | SCH 80 | 0.179” | 0.957” (approx.) |
All pipes are identified by their NPS and Sch numbers. The schedule number is used to estimate the internal diameter.
Pressure Rating for Schedule 40 Carbon Steel Pipe
Steel Piping diameter od chart, wall thickness, and weight per foot are all available for free.
1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm
1 psi (lb/in2) = 6,894.8 Pa (N/m2) = 6.895×10-2 bar
| Maximum Allowable Pressure (psi) (kPa) | ||
| NPS | Outside Diameter (OD) | Schedule |
| (in) | (in)(mm) | 40 |
| 1/4 | 0.5413.7 | 798555057 |
| 3/8 | 0.67517.1 | 660645548 |
| 1/2 | 0.8421.3 | 635843838 |
| 3/4 | 1.0526.7 | 527336357 |
| 1 | 1.31533.4 | 495634172 |
| 1 1/4 | 1.6642.2 | 413328497 |
| 1 1/2 | 1.948.3 | 373925780 |
| 2 | 2.37560.3 | 317721905 |
| 2 1/2 | 2.87573 | 346023857 |
| 3 | 3.588.9 | 302420850 |
| 3 1/2 | 4102 | 276919092 |
| 4 | 4.5114 | 258117796 |
| 5 | 5.563141 | 227315672 |
| 6 | 6.625168 | 207114280 |
| 8 | 8.625219 | 182912611 |
| 10 | 10.75273 | 166411473 |
| 12 | 12.75324 | 156010756 |
| 14 | 14356 | 153310570 |
| 16 | 16406 | 153110556 |
| 18 | 18457 | 153010549 |
| 20 | 20508 | 145510032 |
| 22 | 22559 | |
| 24 | 24610 | 14059687 |
| 30 | 30762 | |
| 32 | 32813 | 10547267 |
| 34 | 34864 | 9926840 |
| 36 | 36914 | 10217040 |
| 42 | 421067 | 8756033 |
Pipe Dimensions and Wall Thickness for Schedule 40
| PipeSizes* | O.D.(in.) | Schedule (40) PipeWall Thickness (in.)** | |
| Sch.40 | |||
| Wall (in) | I.D. (in) | ||
| 1/8″ | 0.41 od | 0.07 in | 0.269 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 0.247 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | |||
| 1/4″ | 0.54 od | 0.090 in | 0.364 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 0.429 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 0.147 lbs/ft | ||
| 3/8″ | 0.675 od | 0.091 in | 0.493 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 0.570 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 0.196 lbs/ft | ||
| 1/2″ | 0.840 od | 0.109 in | 0.622 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 0.850 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 0.294 lbs/ft | ||
| 3/4″ | 1.050 od | 0.113 in | 0.824 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 1.13 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 0.391 | ||
| 1″ | 1.315 od | 0.133 in | 1.049 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 1.68 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 0.581 lbs/ft | ||
| 1-1/4″ | 1.66 od | 0.140 in | 1.380 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 2.27 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 0.785 lbs/ft | ||
| 1-1/2″ | 1.90 od | 0.145 in | 1.610 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 2.72 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 0.939 lbs/ft | ||
| 2″ | 2.375 od | 0.154 in | 2.067 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 3.66 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 1.260 lbs/ft | ||
| 2-1/2″ | 2.875 od | 0.203 in | 2.469 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 5.80 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 2.000 lbs/ft | ||
| 3″ | 3.50 od | 0.216 in | 3.068 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 7.58 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 2.620 lbs/ft | ||
| 3-1/2″ | 4.00 od | 0.226 in | 3.550 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 9.12 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 3.150 lbs/ft | ||
| 4″ | 4.50 od | 0.237 in | 4.026 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 10.80 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 3.730 lbs/ft | ||
| 5″ | 5.563 od | 0.258 in | 5.047 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 14.63 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 5.050 lbs/ft | ||
| 6″ | 6.625 od | 0.280 in | 6.065 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 18.99 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 6.560 lbs/ft | ||
| 8″ | 8.625 od | 0.322 in | 7.981 id |
| Weight(lbs/ft.) | Steel | 28.58 lbs/ft | |
| Stainless | |||
| Aluminum | 9.88 lbs/ft | ||
| *Nominal sizes apply; Pipe Size is a generic Industry Size Standard that is solely used as a guide. ** Each manufacturer’s tolerances may differ slightly. |
Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Sizes and Flow Rates
Nominal Wall Thickness of Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Pipe Schedule Chart ANSI/ASME B36.10M
Schedule 40 Carbon Steel Line Pipe Weight Chart
SCH 40 Nominal pipe size (NPS)
| NPS | 1/2 | 3/4 | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 2 | 2½ | 3 | 3½ | 4 |
| DN | 15 | 20 | 25 | 32 | 40 | 50 | 65 | 80 | 90 | 100 |
Notes:
The corresponding DN = 25 multiplied by the NPS number for NPS 4.
From NPS 12 onwards, the wall thickness between SCH 40 and STD differs, and from NPS 10 onwards, the wall thickness between schedule 80 and XS differs.
In India, you may get 2-inch Schedule 40 galvanized and black steel pipe at a low price.
| INCH | NPS | Schedule 40 ASTM A106/ A53/ API 5L Grade B Seamless Pipe Price | |||||||||
| MSL | ISMT | JSL | USL | BAO | Lontrin | SMTM | TENARIS | V&M | Wuxi | ||
| 1/2 | 15 | 1,313.53 | 1,316.18 | 1,330.88 | – | 1,029.41 | 1,036.76 | 1,460.59 | 1,396.06 | 1,425.47 | 1,012.06 |
| 3/4 | 20 | 1,112.94 | 1,095.59 | 1,110.29 | – | 954.88 | 963.24 | 1,250.00 | 1,176.47 | 1,205.88 | 938.53 |
| 1 | 25 | 946.88 | 948.53 | 963.24 | – | 881.35 | 889.71 | 1,102.94 | 1,029.41 | 1,058.82 | 875.00 |
| 1.25 | 32 | 911.76 | 904.41 | 919.12 | – | 851.94 | 860.29 | 1,058.82 | 985.29 | 1,014.71 | 845.59 |
| 1.5 | 40 | 818.82 | 821.47 | 816.18 | – | 807.82 | 816.18 | 955.88 | 882.35 | 911.76 | 821.47 |
| 2 | 50 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | – | 622.65 | 625.00 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 612.29 |
| 2.5 | 65 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | – | 622.65 | 625.00 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 612.29 |
| 3 | 80 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | – | 622.65 | 625.00 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 612.29 |
| 3.5 | 90 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | – | 622.65 | 625.00 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 612.29 |
| 4 | 100 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | 755.29 | 622.65 | 625.00 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 612.29 |
| 5 | 125 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | 755.29 | 622.65 | 625.00 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 612.29 |
| 6 | 150 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | 755.29 | 622.65 | 625.00 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 612.29 |
| 8 | 200 | 799.12 | 786.76 | 821.47 | 755.29 | 647.06 | 654.41 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 639.71 |
| 10 | 250 | 799.12 | 786.76 | – | 755.29 | 647.06 | 654.41 | 948.18 | 869.65 | 899.06 | 639.71 |
| 12 | 300 | 862.94 | – | – | 755.29 | 647.06 | 654.41 | 1,000.00 | 926.47 | 955.88 | 639.71 |
| 14 | 350 | 862.94 | – | – | 755.29 | 661.76 | 669.12 | 1,000.00 | 926.47 | 955.88 | 654.41 |
| 16 | 400 | 886.35 | – | – | – | 661.76 | 669.12 | 1,029.41 | 955.88 | 985.29 | 654.41 |
| 18 | 450 | 886.35 | – | – | – | 676.47 | 683.82 | 1,029.41 | 955.88 | 985.29 | 669.12 |
| 20 | 500 | 886.35 | – | – | – | 676.47 | 683.82 | 1,029.41 | 955.88 | 985.29 | 669.12 |
| 22 | 550 | – | – | – | – | 705.88 | 713.24 | 1,176.47 | 1,029.41 | 1,132.35 | 698.53 |
| 24 | 600 | – | – | – | – | 705.88 | 713.24 | 1,176.47 | 1,029.41 | 1,132.35 | 698.53 |
Difference Pipe is divided into two schedules: Schedule 40 and Schedule 80.
Pipes in the schedules 40 and 80 are quite similar. They’re so similar, in fact, that some people mix them up.
Schedule 40 pipe, on the other hand, has thinner walls than schedule 80. As a result of its ability to withstand higher pressures than schedule 40, schedule 80 is commonly employed in commercial applications.
How can you tell if a schedule 40 pipe can withstand the pressure?
You can use a mathematical formula to figure out if schedule 40 or schedule 80 is better for your project.
(1,000)*(P/S) = SCH
The internal working pressure of the pipe is P, and the amount of stress that the material can withstand is S in this equation.
For example, if your pipe has a S value of 12,000 and an internal working pressure of 450 psi, your equation would be:
37.5 = (1,000) * (450/12,000)
Because 37.5 is so near to SCH 40, you should be fine with that schedule.
Sch 40 Steel Pipe is used in the following industries.
Many companies, particularly those that require to provide air, gas, or water at high temperatures, use SCH 40 steel pipe. This schedule pipe is also commonly used in construction, where its diameter, strength, and reactivity make it a dependable option.
Sch 40 Steel Pipe is used in a variety of applications.
Schedule 40 steel pipes can be found in most hardware stores. This product is popular among DIYers for use in creative projects. Curtain rods, bookcases, coat hooks, floor lights, and magazine racks are all made from Schedule 40 steel tubing.
steel pipe, schedule 40
Of course, the oil and gas industry uses scheduled 40 pipes to carry high-temperature, high-pressure liquids for commercial and residential structures.
Steel Pipe Schedule 40 Prices
Schedule 40 steel pipe prices vary greatly depending on length, grade, and volume at the time of purchase. If you purchase a large quantity of pipe directly from a firm that provides quality fabrication services, such as Kalpataru Piping Solutions, your expenses will be significantly lower than if you purchased the identical product from Home Depot.
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