Stainless Steel Pipes & Tubes
Table of Content
- Stainless Steel Pipe & Tubing Products Manufacturing Grades
- Specification of Stainless Steel (SS) Pipes / Tubes
- SS Pipes & Tubes Standards Specifications – ASTM A312, A269 & A358
- Manufacturing Process of Stainless Steel Pipes & Tubes
- Chemical Composition of SS Pipes
- Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel Tubes
- Stainless Steel Pipes & Tubes Dimensions & Weight
- Stainless Steel Round Tubes Size Chart
Stainless steel pipes and tubes are essential parts in industries that require high levels of resistance to corrosion, measurement precision and extended life. Kalpataru Piping produces and sells SS 304, SS 316, SS 316L, SS 904L, and Duplex stainless steel pipes and tubes in seamless and welded versions that are in full compliance with ASTM A312, ASTM A213, and ASTM A269 requirements.
You may be a procurement engineer sourcing pipes to use in an oil and gas project, a project manager specifying tubing to use in a pharmaceutical plant, or a contractor building a food-grade processing lines – whatever the case, this page has all the specifications, grades, and dimensions, weight charts, and application information you are looking.
Stainless Steel Pipe & Tube Grades
Kalpataru Piping offers stainless steel pipes and tubes across all major austenitic, ferritic, and duplex grades. Each grade has unique properties suited to specific environments. Below is a grade-by-grade breakdown to help you select the right material for your project.
SS 304 / SS 304L Pipes and Tubes
SS 304 (UNS S30400 / 1.4301) is the most widely used stainless steel grade that is often called 18/8 stainless for its nominal 18% chromium and 8% nickel content. It offers excellent corrosion resistance in atmospheric and mild chemical environments.
- SS 304L (low carbon, UNS S30403) is used where welding is involved to avoid carbide precipitation and sensitization.
- Ideal for food processing, dairy, general industrial piping, heat exchangers, and architectural applications.
- Available in seamless and welded form, SCH 10S to SCH 160S.
- Manufactured to ASTM A312 (pipes) and ASTM A213 / A269 (tubes).
SS 316 / SS 316L Pipes and Tubes
SS 316 (UNS S31600 / 1.4401) adds 2–3% molybdenum to the 304 composition, significantly improving resistance to chloride pitting and crevice corrosion. It is the preferred choice for marine, chemical processing, and pharmaceutical environments.
- SS 316L (UNS S31603): low-carbon variant for superior weldability without sensitization.
- SS 316Ti (UNS S31635 / 1.4571): titanium-stabilized for high-temperature service.
- Used in offshore oil and gas, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, and desalination plants.
- Manufactured to ASTM A312, A213, A269 in OD range 1/8″ NB to 30″ NB.
SS 321 / SS 321H Pipes and Tubes
SS 321 (UNS S32100 / 1.4541) is stabilized with titanium, making it resistant to carbide precipitation in the 425°C–900°C range. SS 321H (higher carbon) provides enhanced creep resistance for high-temperature service.
- Used in aircraft exhausts, refinery heaters, boiler components, and furnace parts.
- Available to ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 standards.
SS 347 / SS 347H Pipes and Tubes
SS 347 is stabilized with niobium (columbium), providing similar benefits to SS 321 with slightly better high-temperature strength. SS 347H offers superior creep resistance.
- Used in power generation, petrochemical processing, and high-temperature chemical service.
SS 310S Pipes and Tubes
SS 310S (UNS S31008 / 1.4845) contains 24–26% chromium and 19–22% nickel, one of the most oxidation-resistant austenitic grades, suitable for continuous service up to 1100°C.
- Used in furnaces, kilns, radiant tubes, heat treatment baskets, and thermal processing equipment.
SS 904L Pipes and Tubes
SS 904L (UNS N08904) is a high-alloy austenitic grade with low carbon content, 4–5% molybdenum, and added copper. It offers exceptional resistance to sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and chloride-bearing environments.
- Used in fertilizer plants, flue gas desulfurization systems, and chemical reactors.
- Available to ASTM B677 standards.
Grade Quick-Reference Table:
| Grade | UNS | Werkstoff Nr. | Key Feature | Common Standard |
| SS 304 | S30400 | 1.4301 | General corrosion resistance | ASTM A312 |
| SS 304L | S30403 | 1.4307 | Low carbon, weld-friendly | ASTM A312 |
| SS 316 | S31600 | 1.4401 | Molybdenum, pitting resistance | ASTM A312 |
| SS 316L | S31603 | 1.4404 | Low carbon + Mo | ASTM A312 |
| SS 316Ti | S31635 | 1.4571 | Ti-stabilized, high temp | ASTM A312 |
| SS 321 | S32100 | 1.4541 | Ti-stabilized, sensitization-free | ASTM A213 |
| SS 347 | S34700 | 1.4550 | Nb-stabilized, creep resistant | ASTM A213 |
| SS 310S | S31008 | 1.4845 | High-temp oxidation resistance | ASTM A213 |
| SS 904L | N08904 | 1.4539 | Acid-resistant, high alloy | ASTM B677 |
Stainless Steel Pipe & Tube Specifications
All stainless steel pipes and tubes from Kalpataru Piping are manufactured and tested to the following international specifications:
| Parameter | Details |
| Standards | ASTM / ASME SA213, A249, A269, A312, A358 CL. I–V, A789, A790 |
| Dimensions | Per ASTM, ASME, and API |
| Seamless / Welded / ERW / EFW | All types available |
| NB Size Range | 1/8″ NB to 30″ NB |
| EFW Pipe Size | 6″ NB to 100″ NB |
| ERW Pipe Size | 1/2″ NB to 24″ NB |
| Schedules | SCH 5S, 10S, 20, 30, 40S, STD, 80S, XS, 120, 140, 160, XXS |
| Forms | Round, Square, Rectangular, Hydraulic, Custom |
| Lengths | Single Random, Double Random, Cut-to-Length |
| End Finish | Plain End, Beveled End, Threaded |
| Surface Finish | 2B, No.4, No.8 Mirror, Electro-polished |
| Duplex / Super Duplex | UNS 31803, 32205, 32750, 32760 |
| DIN / EN Grades | 1.4301, 1.4401, 1.4541, 1.4462 | EN 10216-5 |
Manufacturing Process of Stainless Steel Pipes and Tubes
Understanding the manufacturing process helps engineers and procurement teams specify the right pipe type for their application. Kalpataru Piping produces pipes and tubes using three primary methods:
1. Seamless Stainless Steel Pipes & Tubes
Seamless pipes are produced from solid round billets, which are pierced and rolled into hollow tubular form without any weld seam. The process involves:
- Billet heating and rotary piercing to form the hollow shell.
- Elongation rolling (mandrel mill or push bench) to achieve the target wall thickness.
- Sizing mill pass to achieve final OD and dimensional tolerances.
- Solution annealing heat treatment (typically 1040°C / 1900°F) followed by water quenching.
- Straightening, pickling / passivation, and final inspection.
Seamless pipes are preferred for high-pressure, high-temperature, and critical corrosive service. They are free from weld seam-related stress concentrations.
Manufacturing Specs — Seamless: ASTM A312, ASTM A213, ASTM A269 | OD: 6mm to 101.6mm (tubes); up to 30″ NB (pipes)
2. Welded Stainless Steel Pipes & Tubes
Welded pipes and tubes are produced by forming flat stainless steel strip or coil into a tubular cross-section and joining the longitudinal seam by welding. Two sub-processes apply:
- Hot Forming: Strip is heated before forming, suitable for larger diameter pipes where room-temperature forming is not practical.
- Cold Forming: Strip is formed at ambient temperature, producing a smooth inner surface and tighter dimensional tolerances. Preferred for small-to-medium diameter tubes.
After welding, tubes undergo solution annealing, weld bead inspection, eddy current testing, hydrostatic testing, and final dimensional checks.
Manufacturing Specs- Welded: ASTM A249, ASTM A269, ASTM A312, ASTM A554, EN 10217-7 | OD: 1/4″ to 4-1/2″ (tubes); up to 24″ NB (ERW pipes)
3. ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) & EFW (Electric Fusion Welded) Pipes
- ERW Pipes: Produced by forming stainless steel coil/strip into tubular form and welding the seam using electric resistance, no filler material. Provides uniform strength and clean finish. Range: 1/2″ NB to 24″ NB. Standard: ASTM A312.
- EFW Pipes: Formed by rolling stainless steel plates and welding the seam by high-voltage electric fusion. Suitable for large diameter pipes from 6″ NB to 100″ NB. Available in SS 304/304L, 316, 316L. Standard: ASTM A312.
Seamless vs Welded Stainless Steel Pipes: Which to Choose?
This is one of the most common questions from procurement engineers. Here is a direct comparison to guide your selection:
| Comparison Factor | Seamless Pipe | Welded Pipe |
| Manufacturing | Extruded from solid billet — no seam | Formed from strip/plate — longitudinal weld seam |
| Pressure Rating | Higher — no weld zone weakness | Slightly lower — weld seam is the limiting factor |
| Dimensional Accuracy | Good — slight wall thickness variation possible | Excellent — tight OD/wall tolerance |
| Surface Finish | Standard inside and outside | Smoother ID — better for hygienic applications |
| Cost | Higher — complex process | Lower — faster and more efficient production |
| Availability (Sizes) | Up to 30″ NB | Up to 100″ NB (EFW) |
| Best Applications | High-pressure piping, oil & gas, power plants | Food processing, pharma, HVAC, general industrial |
| Standards | ASTM A312, A213, A269 | ASTM A312, A249, A269, A358 |
Rule of Thumb: For operating pressures above 150 bar or temperatures above 500°C, specify seamless. For general process piping, instrumentation tubing, and food-grade applications, welded tubes offer equivalent performance at lower cost.
Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel Pipes and Tubes
| Grade | C max | Si max | Mn max | P max | S max | Cr % | Ni % | Mo % |
| TP304 / 1.4301 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 18.0–20.0 | 8.0–10.5 | — |
| TP304L / 1.4307 | 0.035 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 18.0–20.0 | 8.0–12.0 | — |
| TP316 / 1.4401 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | 11.0–14.0 | 2.0–3.0 |
| TP316L / 1.4404 | 0.035 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | 10.0–14.0 | 2.0–3.0 |
| TP316Ti / 1.4571 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 16.0–18.0 | 10.0–14.0 | 2.0–3.0 |
| TP321 / 1.4541 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0–19.0 | 9.0–12.0 | — |
| TP310S / 1.4845 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 24.0–26.0 | 19.0–22.0 | ≤0.75 |
| TP317L / 1.4449 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 18.0–20.0 | 11.0–14.0 | 3.0–4.0 |
| TP347H / 1.4912 | 0.04–0.10 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 17.0–19.0 | 9.0–13.0 | — |
Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel Pipes and Tubes
| Grade | Heat Treatment | Min. Temp °C | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation % min |
| TP304 | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP304L | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 485 | 170 | 35 |
| TP304H | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP316 | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP316L | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 485 | 170 | 35 |
| TP316Ti | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP321 | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP321H | Solution Annealed | 1050 / 1100 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP310S | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP347 | Solution Annealed | 1040 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
| TP347H | Solution Annealed | 1050 / 1100 | 515 | 205 | 35 |
Stainless Steel Pipe Dimensions and Weight Chart
The table below provides outer diameter, wall thickness, and weight per meter for standard stainless steel pipe schedules as per ASTM / ASME standards. All weights are in kg/m.
| NB mm | NPS inch | OD mm | Sch-5S Wt mm / kg/m | Sch-10S Wt mm / kg/m | Sch-40S Wt mm / kg/m | Sch-80S Wt mm / kg/m | Sch-160S Wt mm / kg/m |
| 15 | 1/2 | 21.3 | 1.65 / 0.80 | 2.11 / 1.00 | 2.77 / 1.27 | 3.75 / 1.62 | 4.75 / 1.94 |
| 20 | 3/4 | 26.7 | 1.65 / 1.03 | 2.11 / 1.28 | 2.87 / 1.68 | 3.91 / 2.20 | 5.54 / 2.89 |
| 25 | 1″ | 33.4 | 1.65 / 1.30 | 2.77 / 2.09 | 3.38 / 2.50 | 4.55 / 3.24 | 6.35 / 4.24 |
| 50 | 2″ | 60.3 | 1.65 / 2.40 | 2.77 / 3.93 | 3.91 / 5.44 | 5.54 / 7.48 | 8.74 / 11.1 |
| 80 | 3″ | 88.9 | 2.11 / 4.51 | 3.05 / 6.45 | 5.49 / 11.30 | 7.62 / 15.2 | 11.1 / 21.3 |
| 100 | 4″ | 114.3 | 2.11 / 5.84 | 3.05 / 8.36 | 6.02 / 16.07 | 8.56 / 22.3 | 13.49 / 33.54 |
| 150 | 6″ | 168.3 | 2.77 / 11.32 | 3.40 / 13.84 | 7.11 / 28.3 | 10.97 / 42.7 | 18.2 / 67.56 |
| 200 | 8″ | 219.1 | 2.77 / 14.79 | 3.76 / 19.96 | 8.18 / 42.6 | 12.7 / 64.6 | 23.0 / 111.2 |
| 250 | 10″ | 273.1 | 3.40 / 22.63 | 4.19 / 27.78 | 9.27 / 60.5 | 12.7 / 96.0 | 28.6 / 172.4 |
| 300 | 12″ | 323.9 | 3.96 / 31.25 | 4.57 / 36.00 | 9.52 / 73.88 | 12.7 / 132.0 | 33.32 / 238.76 |
| 350 | 14″ | 355.6 | 3.96 / 34.36 | 4.78 / 41.3 | 11.13 / 94.59 | 19.05 / 158.08 | 35.71 / 281.70 |
| 400 | 16″ | 406.4 | 4.19 / 41.56 | 4.78 / 47.29 | 12.7 / 123.30 | 21.41 / 203.33 | 40.46 / 365.11 |
| 500 | 20″ | 508.0 | 4.78 / 59.25 | 5.54 / 68.71 | 15.09 / 183.42 | 26.19 / 311.2 | 49.99 / 564.68 |
| 600 | 24″ | 609.6 | 5.54 / 82.47 | 6.35 / 94.45 | 17.48 / 255.41 | 30.96 / 442.08 | 59.54 / 808.22 |
For full size charts including square and rectangular tubes, large diameter pipes (up to 100″ NB), and round tube size-by-thickness matrices, contact our technical sales team or request a quote.
Outside Diameter Tolerance for Stainless Steel Pipes (ASTM A312)
| NPS (inch) | + Tolerance (inch / mm) | – Tolerance (inch / mm) |
| 1/8 – 1.5″ | 1/64″ / +0.4 mm | 1/32″ / –0.8 mm |
| > 1.5″ – 4″ | 1/32″ / +0.8 mm | 1/32″ / –0.8 mm |
| > 4″ – 8″ | 1/16″ / +1.6 mm | 1/32″ / –0.8 mm |
| > 8″ – 18″ | 3/32″ / +2.4 mm | 1/32″ / –0.8 mm |
| > 18″ – 26″ | 1/8″ / +3.2 mm | 1/32″ / –0.8 mm |
| > 26″ – 34″ | 5/32″ / +4.0 mm | 1/32″ / –0.8 mm |
| > 34″ – 48″ | 3/16″ / +4.8 mm | 1/32″ / –0.8 mm |
Applications of Stainless Steel Pipes and Tubes by Industry
Stainless steel pipes and tubes are chosen across industries where corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, hygiene, and long service life are critical requirements. Below are the primary application sectors:
Oil and Gas Industry
- Upstream: Subsea flowlines, wellhead piping, and downhole tubing in SS 316L, Duplex S31803/S32205, and Super Duplex S32750.
- Midstream: Transmission line piping and metering station components.
- Downstream: Refinery process piping, heat exchangers, and cracking unit tubes in SS 321H and SS 347H.
- Key Grades: SS 316L, 321, 347H, Duplex / Super Duplex, 904L.
Pharmaceutical and Biotech Industry
- Ultra-clean process piping, bioreactor connections, and sterile fluid transfer lines.
- Electropolished SS 316L tubes with Ra ≤ 0.4 μm inner surface finish meet USP, FDA, and GMP requirements.
- Manufactured to ASTM A270 (sanitary tubing standard).
- Key Grades: SS 316L (low carbon, electropolished), SS 304L.
Food Processing and Dairy Industry
- CIP (Clean-in-Place) and SIP (Steam-in-Place) pipelines for milk, juice, and beverage production.
- Welded SS tubes with smooth ID and electropolished finish prevent bacterial adhesion and product contamination.
- Key Grades: SS 304, SS 316L, electropolished to ASTM A270 or 3-A sanitary standards.
Chemical and Petrochemical Industry
- Reactor feed lines, heat exchanger tubes, condenser piping in aggressive acid and chloride environments.
- SS 904L for sulfuric and phosphoric acid service; SS 317L for enhanced chloride resistance.
- Key Grades: SS 316L, 317L, 904L, Duplex, Hastelloy-lined.
Power Generation
- Boiler tubes, superheater elements, heat exchanger assemblies in fossil fuel and nuclear power plants.
- SS 347H and 321H selected for creep-resistant high-temperature service at 600–900°C.
- Key Grades: SS 304H, 321H, 347H, SS 310S.
Construction and Architecture
- Structural hollow sections, handrails, balustrades, cladding support frames.
- Square and rectangular SS 304 / 316 tubes for exposed architectural applications.
ASTM Standards for Stainless Steel Pipes and Tubes
Kalpataru Piping manufactures stainless steel pipes and tubes in conformance with the following ASTM / ASME standards. These cover material composition, dimensional tolerances, mechanical properties, and testing requirements.
| ASTM Standard | Scope | Product Type |
| ASTM A312 / ASME SA312 | Austenitic stainless steel seamless, welded, and heavily cold-worked pipes | Pipes — general service |
| ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 | Seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy-steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes | Tubes — high-temp service |
| ASTM A269 / ASME SA269 | Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel tubing for general service | Tubes — general service |
| ASTM A249 / ASME SA249 | Welded austenitic steel boiler, superheater, heat-exchanger, and condenser tubes | Welded tubes — high-temp |
| ASTM A358 / ASME SA358 | Electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel alloy steel pipe | EFW pipes — large diameter |
| ASTM A270 | Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel sanitary tubing | Food / pharma tubing |
| ASTM A789 / A790 | Seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic (duplex) stainless steel tubing | Duplex tubing |
| EN 10216-5 | Seamless stainless steel tubes for pressure purposes | European standard — pressure tubes |
Quality Assurance and Testing
Every stainless steel pipe and tube produced by Kalpataru Piping passes through a rigorous multi-stage quality control programme conducted by an independent Quality Control department. Testing procedures include:
Destructive Testing
- Tensile test: to verify UTS and yield strength per ASTM standards.
- Hardness test Brinell / Rockwell to confirm material heat treatment state.
- Impact (Charpy) test for low-temperature service grades.
- Flattening test, flare test, and reverse bend test for tubes.
Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)
- 100% hydrostatic pressure test: each pipe is individually hydrostatically tested.
- Eddy current testing (ECT) for surface and sub-surface defect detection in tubes.
- Ultrasonic testing (UT) for wall thickness verification and internal defect detection.
- X-ray / radiography for weld seam integrity in EFW and welded pipes.
- Dye penetrant (DP) / magnetic particle inspection as required by customer specification.
Documentation
- Mill Test Certificate (MTC) per EN 10204 3.1 or 3.2 (Third Party Inspection available).
- Chemical composition and mechanical property reports for each heat.
- Dimensional inspection reports and pressure test records.
- Material traceability from raw billet to finished product.
Explore Related Products and Resources
Kalpataru Piping is a comprehensive stainless steel and specialty alloy supplier. If your project requires related materials or components, explore:
- Stainless Steel Products — full range including flanges, fittings, bars, and sheets: /stainless-steel-products/
- Duplex and Super Duplex Steel Pipes (UNS S31803, S32205, S32750): /duplex-steel-products/
- Nickel Alloy Pipes (Inconel, Hastelloy, Monel): /nickel-alloy-steel-products-in-india/
- Read our complete SS Tubing Guide: /stainless-steel-tubing-guide/
- Blog: SS 304 vs SS 316 Pipes — Which Grade is Right for You? — /blogs/
Stainless Steel Pipes & Tubes FAQs
What types of stainless steel pipes does Kalpataru Piping manufacture?
We manufacture different products that include seamless and welded stainless steel pipes, round, square, and custom-shaped tubes in different grades such as 304, 316, 904L, and Duplex Steel.
How do seamless stainless steel pipes differ from welded pipes?
Seamless pipes are made from solid billet, which is better in strength and more resistant to high pressure. Welded pipes are created through rolling strips of stainless steel and welding the width, which are suitable for general applications and a cost-effective remedy.
Which stainless steel grades are available?
We have a wide range of grades, which are 304, 304L, 304H, 316, 316L, 316Ti, 310S, 904L, 317L, 321/321H, 347/347H, and Duplex Steel, which make it suitable to various industrial settings.
Can I order custom lengths, sizes, or wall thicknesses?
Yes, we do offer customized stainless steel pipes and tubes according to the requirements of the projects, such as their dimensions, thickness of their walls and other metallurgical conditions.
Which industries use your stainless steel pipes and tubes?
Our products are commonly used in the chemical, petrochemical, steel, oil and gas, pharmaceutical, food processing, shipping, and power generation industries.
Do your stainless steel pipes meet international standards?
Yes, we have all our pipes and tubes meeting the ASTM, ASME, DIN, and ISO standards in order to maintain the same quality and performance globally.
Is international shipping available?
Yes, we provide international delivery in order to deliver safely to ensure our clients in various countries.
Do you provide inspection and testing reports with shipments?
Yes,. All of our material is accompanied by material test certificates, X-Ray, hydrostatic, and mechanical testing reports according to the requirements given by the project.
Can Kalpataru Piping handle urgent or emergency orders?
Yes, we do take urgent and priority orders, which is why we deliver on time without jeopardizing quality or specifications
