Production-linked incentive: Steel PLI application deadline is likely to be extended, again

by kalpataru | May 5, 2022 | Blog

Introduction

As a result, instead of 2023-24 as proposed in the scheme guideline announced in October, the release of incentives under the scheme would begin in 2024-25.

The application deadline for the Rs 6,322-crore production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme for specialty steel is set to be extended by a month, to May 30. Several changes to the system, including the inclusion of sub-categories and small players, have prompted an extension of the deadline, according to sources. The steel ministry has already held a meeting with the Cabinet Secretary to finalize the scheme’s adjustments.

The scheme covers five broad product groups and 25 product subcategories: coated or plated steel products, high strength or wear-resistant steel, specialty rails, alloy steel goods, and electrical steel.

The application deadline has already been extended once. Applicants were given a window from December 29 to March 29 to apply for the plan, but it was extended by nearly a month to April 30. The extension was granted to allow for some adjustments to the plan that were requested by the sector.

Meanwhile, the administration postponed the scheme’s implementation by a year in December. The five-year plan will begin in 2023-24, rather than the previously scheduled 2022-23. As a result, instead of 2023-24 as proposed in the scheme guideline announced in October, the release of incentives under the scheme would begin in 2024-25. In July 2021, the cabinet authorized the PLI program for specialty steel.

The incentive payable shall not exceed the budgeted allotment for the scheme because it is a fund-limited scheme. Furthermore, the annual incentive given across all product categories, including group firms and joint ventures, will be capped at ‘200 crore per qualified enterprise.

Specialty steel is a value-added variety in which conventional finished steel is transformed into high-value-added steel through the coating, plating, heat treatment, and other processes for usage in a range of strategic areas such as defense, space, power, and cars, among others. Imports worth around Rs 30,000 crore help India meet domestic demand.

The PLI scheme’s goal is to encourage domestic production of specialty steel grades and to assist the Indian steel sector is maturing technologically and moving up the value chain.

“Specialty of steel production is estimated to reach 42 million tonnes by the end of 2026-27.” This will result in the production and consumption of around Rs 2.5 trillion worth of specialty steel in the country, which would otherwise be imported. Similarly, specialty steel exports will increase to about 5.5 million tonnes from the present 1.7 million tonnes, generating forex of Rs 30,000 crore, according to the government.

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What is Scheduled 40 Steel Pipe, and what is it used for? : The most common pipe schedule is Schedule 40 steel pipe. It can be galvanized but isn’t required, and it’s commonly used in water and gas lines. It can also show up in spots that require decoration or support.

WHAT IS STEEL AND HOW IS IT MANUFACTURED? : Stainless steel has a wide range of applications in both the industrial and consumer markets due to its superior corrosion resistance, high strength, and appealing look.

What is Scheduled 40 Steel Pipe?

by kalpataru | Apr 25, 2022 | Blog

Introduction

The most common pipe schedule is Schedule 40 steel pipe. It can be galvanized but isn’t required, and it’s commonly used in water and gas lines. It can also show up in spots that require decoration or support.

Because of its adaptability and performance strength, it makes an excellent pipe. Let’s talk about what schedule 40 steel pipe is and why it could be the correct choice for many projects now that it’s under so much pressure to perform.

What Is a Pipe Schedule and How Does It Work?

A pipe schedule (SCH) is a measurement of the nominal wall thickness of a steel pipe.

Metal fabricators previously employed three pipe sizes: standard, extra strong, and double extra strong. However, just having these three undefined dimensions wasn’t enough. Steel pipes are now available in 14 distinct schedules.

Schedule 40 is the most widely utilized.

What exactly does the term “schedule 40 pipes” mean?

The dimensionality of the numbers on the pipes is unknown. In other words, SCH 40 does not imply a pipe diameter of 40 millimeters or 40 inches.

The ASME B36.10M standard, which governs seamless and welded steel pipe dimensions, determines the characteristics for each schedule. The numerals that denote each size are determined by ASME B36.10M.

Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Grades

Mild steel is used to make the majority of schedule 40 steel pipe. This indicates that it contains between 0.2 and 0.25 percent carbon. This is extremely low, resulting in a mostly ferrous alloy.

Steelmakers galvanize SCH 40 steel pipe to increase corrosion resistance. Galvanizing implies coating the steel with a layer of zinc. If this isn’t an option, schedule 40 pipe is also available in stainless steel.

Although A53 steel pipe is the most usually associated with SCH 40 steel pipe, this schedule is also available in other grades.

Dimensions of Schedule 40 Steel Pipe

Wall thickness and outer diameter are used to determine thickness. A 1/8th-inch nominal size schedule 40 pipe, for example, has an outer diameter of 0.405 inches and a wall thickness of 0.068 inches. It weighs 0.245 pounds per square foot.

The 4-inch schedule 40 steel pipe is a more prevalent pipe. The outside diameter of this pipe is 4.5 inches, with a wall thickness of 0.237 inches and a weight per foot of 10.79 pounds.

When it comes to steel pipe, what size is schedule 40?

This steel pipe is available in a number of sizes. The pipe’s length, nominal diameter, real interior diameter, and actual exterior diameter all fall within acceptable limits.

For example, a 2.5-inch-diameter schedule 40 pipes will have a real internal diameter of 2.469 and an actual outer diameter of 2.875.

We can supply or cut scheduled 40 steel pipes in practically any length.

Schedule 40 Steel Pipe’s Weight

In general, the weight per foot is roughly 1.68 pounds.

What is the maximum weight that a schedule 40 steel pipe can support?

The amount of weight it can support is determined by a number of factors. A normal pipe, made of A53-grade black steel, has a yield strength of 30,000 pounds per square inch.

Given that knowledge…

Let’s say you have a four-foot span with a one-inch pipe. With a one-quarter inch permanent deflection, the center should be able to support 300 pounds. If you add another 50 pounds to that pipe, it will collapse on you.

Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Chemical Composition

The nominal wall thickness of the Schedule 40 pipe is not the same as the grade. As a result, the chemical composition of a pipe schedule is not always consistent.

Schedule 40 pipe, on the other hand, is made of low-carbon steel, often grade A53 steel pipe. The chemical composition of A53 steel varies depending on the type of weld, however as an example, type S seamless weld A53 steel looks like this:

• Carbon – 0.25% (max)
• Manganese – 0.95% (max)
• Phosphorous – 0.05% (max)
• Sulfur – 0.045% (max)
• Copper – 0.4% (max)
• Nickel – 0.4% (max)
• Chromium – 0.4% (max)
• Molybdenum – 0.15% (max)
• Vanadium – 0.08% (max)

The dimensions, wall thickness, and weight of the Schedule 40 Pipe are listed below.

A conversion chart below shows the relationship between pipe size, schedules, and wall thicknesses.

What is the meaning of NPS (Nominal Pipe Size)?

The NPS size represents the pipe’s approximate inside diameter; if the schedule number on a set size is changed, the inside diameter (ID) but not the outside diameter (OD) is affected (OD). Nominal Pipe Sizing was developed by the American Standard Association to replace the previously employed Iron Pipe Sizing. This North American standard is used for high or low-pressure and temperature pipes.

All pipes are identified by their NPS and Sch numbers. The schedule number is used to estimate the internal diameter.

Pressure Rating for Schedule 40 Carbon Steel Pipe

 Steel Piping diameter od chart, wall thickness, and weight per foot are all available for free.

 1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm

1 psi (lb/in2) = 6,894.8 Pa (N/m2) = 6.895×10-2 bar

Pipe Dimensions and Wall Thickness for Schedule 40

Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Sizes and Flow Rates

Nominal Wall Thickness of Schedule 40 Steel Pipe

Pipe Schedule Chart ANSI/ASME B36.10M

Schedule 40 Carbon Steel Line Pipe Weight Chart

SCH 40 Nominal pipe size (NPS)

Notes:

The corresponding DN = 25 multiplied by the NPS number for NPS 4.

From NPS 12 onwards, the wall thickness between SCH 40 and STD differs, and from NPS 10 onwards, the wall thickness between schedule 80 and XS differs.

In India, you may get 2-inch Schedule 40 galvanized and black steel pipe at a low price.

Difference Pipe is divided into two schedules: Schedule 40 and Schedule 80.

Pipes in the schedules 40 and 80 are quite similar. They’re so similar, in fact, that some people mix them up.

Schedule 40 pipe, on the other hand, has thinner walls than schedule 80. As a result of its ability to withstand higher pressures than schedule 40, schedule 80 is commonly employed in commercial applications.

How can you tell if a schedule 40 pipe can withstand the pressure?

You can use a mathematical formula to figure out if schedule 40 or schedule 80 is better for your project.

(1,000)*(P/S) = SCH

The internal working pressure of the pipe is P, and the amount of stress that the material can withstand is S in this equation.

For example, if your pipe has a S value of 12,000 and an internal working pressure of 450 psi, your equation would be:

37.5 = (1,000) * (450/12,000)

Because 37.5 is so near to SCH 40, you should be fine with that schedule.

Sch 40 Steel Pipe is used in the following industries.

Many companies, particularly those that require to provide air, gas, or water at high temperatures, use SCH 40 steel pipe. This schedule pipe is also commonly used in construction, where its diameter, strength, and reactivity make it a dependable option.

Sch 40 Steel Pipe is used in a variety of applications.

Schedule 40 steel pipes can be found in most hardware stores. This product is popular among DIYers for use in creative projects. Curtain rods, bookcases, coat hooks, floor lights, and magazine racks are all made from Schedule 40 steel tubing.

steel pipe, schedule 40

Of course, the oil and gas industry uses scheduled 40 pipes to carry high-temperature, high-pressure liquids for commercial and residential structures.

Steel Pipe Schedule 40 Prices

Schedule 40 steel pipe prices vary greatly depending on length, grade, and volume at the time of purchase. If you purchase a large quantity of pipe directly from a firm that provides quality fabrication services, such as Kalpataru Piping Solutions, your expenses will be significantly lower than if you purchased the identical product from Home Depot.

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HOW IS STAINLESS STEEL MADE? : Most stainless steel begins its existence in a similar way before being processed. The steel alloy’s numerous features are determined by this procedure, as well as the actual composition of the steel alloy.

Steel Pipe Scaffolding’s Benefits: Scaffolding is an important part of any project involving the construction, repair, or maintenance of a building. We use them to create a temporary platform for aid employees to work on the building’s hard-to-reach areas. Steel pipe scaffolding is one of the most common types of scaffolding, 

Facts about superalloys that you should know

by kalpataru | Apr 16, 2022 | Blog

Introduction

High-performance materials are required to meet the demands of the vastly expanding industries in order to achieve maximum efficiency. Ordinary steels and alloys are unable to achieve these greater levels of performance. That’s where the high-performance alloys and complicated alloys come into play. They can withstand oxidising conditions and high temperatures with ease. Superalloys are what they’re called.

Nickel, cobalt, and iron are the most common matrix components in these superalloys, and they are classed accordingly. Refractory metals (Nb, Mo, W, Ta), Chromium, and Titanium are among the alloying elements found in them. They have strong mechanical strength, creep resistance, and corrosion resistance, especially at high temperatures. Because of these qualities, they are more difficult to manufacture and more expensive than other alloys. However, they are extremely important for aircraft components.

SOME SUPERALLOY PROPERTIES –

Because superalloys are employed in high-temperature applications, they must keep their shape at temperatures near their melting points (over 650oC or 1200oF). Superalloys can maintain high strength, stability, and corrosion and oxidation resistance at extreme temperatures because they are alloyed with specific elements.

SUPERALLOYS EXAMPLES –

The high-temperature qualities of superalloys are achieved by alloying the matrix element (Ni, Co, or Fe) with several additional elements such as Chromium (Cr), Titanium (Ti), Aluminum (Al), and Boron (B). Some refractory metals, such as Molybdenum (Mo), Cobalt (Co), Niobium (Nb), and Zirconium (Zr), are also included in some situations.

SUPERALLOY PROCESSING – 

SUPERALLOY PROCESSING – Superalloys are typically processed using one of two methods: casting or powder metallurgy.

Superalloys are typically prepared using one of two methods: casting or powder metallurgy.

Investment Casting

Wax models or replicas are mostly employed for intricate shapes and are used to build a casing for molten metals. It was the first method to improve upon the previously widespread cold-rolling procedures.

Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM)

Raw metallic materials are melted in a vacuum using electric currents. This technology is referred to as an enhancement over investment casting since it allows for more control over chemical composition.

Secondary Melting

An additional melting step is used after the VIM process to promote homogeneity. It eliminates issues that arise during the first process.

Conversion

This method is used to make the superalloy ingots produced by secondary melting suitable for mechanical purposes. There are various stages of heat deformation in this process.

Direct Solidification

The alloy is allowed to nucleate on a low-temperature surface due to the presence of a thermal gradient. Greater creep resistance is obtained in the grain direction.

Single Crystal Growth

A monocrystalline superalloy component is slowly grown from a seed crystal.

Powder Metallurgy (P/M)

A series of operations are completed in order to produce alloys for critical fatigue applications. A combination of metal powders is used to make superalloys. To bond these metal powders into pieces, chemical forces are used.

Application of Superalloys

Aircraft components, petrochemical equipment, vehicle equipment, chemical plant equipment, and power plant equipment are all examples of superalloy applications.

Future Trends of Superalloys

The synthesis of nanoparticles and lowering the high cost of making unique and complex parts are two potential directions in this sector.

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Titanium Alloys: Their Benefits and Drawbacks :  This progress metal has a silver shading and is portrayed by the low thickness and high quality. These novel properties make it ideal for a scope of various applications, just a couple of which were already mentioned. Titanium is a tremendously helpful metal. Its interesting properties mean it sees broad utilization in a variety of basic applications. 

Inconel vs Hastelloy

by kalpataru | Mar 28, 2022 | Blog

What precisely is Inconel?

Inconel is a corrosion-resistant, oxidation-resistant alloy that performs well in high-temperature, high-pressure conditions. When Inconel alloy is heated, it develops a thick, stable oxide coating on the surface, which protects it from further attack. Inconel’s strength extends over a wide temperature range. Depending on the alloy, it achieves high temperature strength through solid solution strengthening or precipitation hardening. Inconel is a high-temperature metal widely used in a wide range of applications.

Chemical Composition of Inconel

Mechanical Properties of Inconel

Equivalent Grade of Inconel

What precisely is Hastelloy?

Hastelloy is a nickel-molybdenum alloy with a high melting point. It is available in a variety of grades, the bulk of which are nickel chromium molybdenum alloys. Regardless of the use for which each Hastelloy grade was developed, they are all exceedingly corrosion resistant. Hastelloy becomes stronger and tougher at elevated temperatures when alloyed with, making it ideal for welding applications. It’s simple to shape and assemble. Due to its ductility, they can be forged and cold wrought. Due to its exceptional resistance to highly oxidizing and reducing chemicals, Hastelloy is an excellent choice for high-temperature applications. It is extensively used for pipes and valves in the chemical and petrochemical industries. It is a wonderful material for heat exchangers and pressure vessels, as well as nuclear and chemical reactors.

Chemical Makeup Hastelloy

Mechanical Properties of Hastelloy

Equivalent Grade of Hastelloy 

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Is it better to use Inconel or Monel? : Which Alloy Is Best For You? : As a result, it is only used when no other metal is capable of performing the same task. Monel 400, for example, is one of the few alloys that retains its strength at sub-zero temperatures, therefore it’s used in a variety of applications, Read more to know further.

Monel Fittings in a Variety of Industries : Because of their high strength and resistance, Monel Tube Fittings are frequently utilized in pneumatic, hydraulic, and other applications. In marine applications, these tube fittings provide corrosion protection, To know more read further.